Introduction Astaxanthin is a naturally occurring red carotenoid pigment from the xanthophyll family—found in marine microalgae such as Haematococcus pluvialis and in salmon, krill, and shrimp. Often called the “king of carotenoids,” astaxanthin exhibits remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Unlike many antioxidants that act only inside or outside the cell membrane, astaxanthin spans the […]
